ual or homosexual, are wrong. "Man is essentially a plurisexual creature."

(78) Thus he can be conditioned or fixated on a particular form of expression. While there is some evidence that homosexuality may not be neurotic or psychotic, in our society of today, Dr. Ellis says that he has never found a fixed homosexual who was not disturbed, even "borderline psychotic or ourightly psychotic." (82) He also affirms that the great majority of exclusive homosexuals have other symptoms of emotional illness. (84) Many of them are severely disturbed. Still "there is no reason to believe that, in itself, homosexuality is immoral or antisocial." (88) The trouble is that the homosexual may be only harming himself and defeating his own ends. All persons, heterosexual or homosexual, are fallible, "weak, more or less undisciplined, irrational, and disturbed... for all the long years of our lives." (89) Thus the aim of psychotherapy is never to make the person into an infallible person who never has problems or makes mistakes, but to help him minimize "his overweening anxiety and his destructive hostility.... But we must never, under any circumstances blame him-that is, denigrate his intrinsic value as a human beingfor being what he now is." (89) Society is wrong in discriminating against and persecuting the homosexual. Even if he is sick, wrong-headed, and self-defeating, as Dr. Ellis thinks, he has the right to be as he is and should be restrained only when he

harms others. Nevertheless the homosexual is disturbed and his acceptance of his deviation is a symptom of his disturbance. When he gets rid of his sexual fetishism and inflexibility, he will be a happier and more effective person. While Dr. Ellis feels that fixed homosexuality can be "cured" he still is quite certain that therapy can be useful to those who reject that possibility in lessening their anxiety, worry, over-concern, fear, and even guilt about their non-conforming behavior. One wonders, however, about the helpfulness of a therapist who unequivocally considers the "patient" hopelessly disturbed.

An interesting parallel to this discussion occurs in Arcadie of JuilletAout, 1965, where Jacques Valli has an article: "Peut-On 'Guerir' L'Homosexualite?" (Can homosexuality be cured?) Here the author takes the position that the neurosis occurs precisely in these secondary effects and not in the homosexuality itself which is merely a psychological fact.

In conclusion, when a person has had a long and honorable career, has solved his financial problems, has a smooth and satisfying love life, reasonably good health, and friends on all sides, and still has a finger pointed at him and is told: "You are a neurotic, a border-line psychotic," what is he to think? I fear, Dr. Ellis, with all your vast learning and psychiatric practice, there are reaches of human experience which still escape you.

ONE IN CHICAGO

T. M. Merritt, Ph.D.

Is now permanently established. The "Outreach Program" of ONE's Social Service Division has since its February 23, 1963 meeting of the Council of Friends of ONE in Chicago been developing plans for regular ONE activities there. Such meetings have been held in November & December with some extremely interesting work projects already under way. Anyone in the Chicago area who would like to join with the Friends of ONE under the mature and responsible leadership which ONE represents may secure further information by writing: Secretary, Social Service Division, ONE, Incorporated 2256 Venice Blvd., Los Angeles, Calif. 90006

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